China Stone's thirteen important stone bases China's stone resources are spread all over the country. Inside and outside the Great Wall, thirty-one provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions have stone resources and have been developed. From Inner Mongolia, which produces Fengzhen Black, to Hainan Province, which produces Yazhou Red; from Liaoning, which produces Dandong Green, to Xinjiang, which produces Tianshanlan, and Tibet, which produces white marble, there are more than 3,000 stone mines (points). More than a thousand (more than 400 kinds of marble, more than 600 kinds of granite). From the current situation that has been developed and has done preliminary geological work, the stone resources are mainly distributed in the Changbai Mountain and Yanshan Mountains; the Shandong hills, especially the Jiaolai Valley, Lushan and Taishan, are extremely rich in resources; the southeast hills and the Hangzhou Bay in the north. West to Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, including Xianxia Ridge, Daiyun Mountain, Nanling Mountain, Yunkai Mountain, etc., with an altitude of less than 500 meters, granite granite resources, according to the current data, is expected to account for two-thirds of the estimated reserves and varieties in the country. In the Taihang Mountains, a group of fine granite resources are concentrated in the Wutai Mountain and Hengshan Mountains in the Luliang Mountain Area; the Qinling Mountains in the Qinling Mountains and the Beichuan West in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau in the west of the Sichuan Basin, and the Daxue Mountain and Daliang Mountain in the Panxi Area The red, green and black series of granite and marble are excellent in quality; the autonomous prefectures such as Lijiang, Nujiang and Dali in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau are rich in famous varieties of marble; the Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang and the Wuzhi Mountain Area in Hainan Island also contain different kinds of stone resources, such as Tianshan Orchid Gangshi is well-known at home and abroad. In addition, China's slate resources are widely distributed in Beijing Fangshan, Mentougou area, rust-colored, emerald green and green color-changing slate; Baoding, Yicheng, Mancheng, Xushan and other places of milky white, milky yellow slate; The slate of various colors produced in Zhenba, Ziyang and other places in Hanzhong, Ankang and Yulin, Shaanxi; Hubei Shikan, Shanxi Wutai, Dingxiang, Zhejiang Xiaoxian also produce slate of different colors. Most of the granite resources are concentrated in coastal provinces. Shandong, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi and other five provinces and autonomous regions, their production accounts for almost 70% of the country's granite production. Due to the long-term weathering erosion, the granite rock mass in these areas is exposed in a large area, generally not high, and the surface is spherical or thin-layer weathered, and the mining conditions are better. From the analysis of varieties, there are superior products, but mainly mid-range traditional products. For example, Du Fuhong, Moyu, Dalian Black in Liaoning; Yixian Black, Pingshan Black, Changping Black, Wannianqing, Yanshanlan, Chengde Green in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region; Shandong Jinanqing, Minnanqing, Rushan Black, Laiwu Black, Shidaohong, General Red, Pingyihong, Malachite Green, Furong Green, Wendengbai, Pearl Flower, Cherry Blossom, Wulian, Rust Stone, etc. More than 40 varieties; Jiangsu has black, big reed, Suzhou Jinshan stone, Zhejiang has more than 30 varieties of rose red, Anji red, Yunhuahong, Dongfanghong, Poinsettia, Sakura red, Longquan red, Ruby, cherry blossom, Hibiscus flower, Yipinmei, Linhai black, Moyu, Malachite green, Shiyangqing, etc. Variety; Fujian has Fuding black, 甫回黑, Hai Cangbai, Hongtangbai, Tianzhong stone, ochre, ancient mountain red, Anxi red and other more than 80 varieties; Guangdong has emerald green, black and white flowers, Xili red, even There are more than 30 varieties of red, sapling, jade, and safflower in Hainan; Hainan has scattered yellow, sesame black, black diamond, Yazhou red, and four-color flowers; Guangxi has famous Tunxi red and black flowers. Gang and so on. Granite is inland in various provinces and regions, and its resources are also extremely rich. The distribution area is very wide, and most famous products are famous. Inner Mongolia's Fengzhen Black, Noor Red, Coffee; Jilin's Helong Black, and Longhong, Sakura Red, Tuanshan Black, Shuangliao Black, Yitong Black; Shanxi's Royal Red, Ice Flower, Taibaiqing, Beiyuehei, Tiger skin green, light yellow, dark green, night rose; Henan Shaolin red, Taihang red, snow maple red, Shaolin black, Shaolin green, alpine flowers; Anhui Yuexi ink, tabby, hibiscus, Huangshan green, ink color orchid, Heavenly jade; black snow, black ice, black pearl, black jade and slate in Shaanxi; Tianshanlan, Tianshanhong, Shuangjinghong, Tolihong, Bolehong, Wusuhong, Tianchihong in Xinjiang; Sichuan Province of Tianfu The red, green and black granites are famous in the world, such as Lushanhong, Zhonghuahong, Sanhehong, Yingjinghong, Shimianhong, Ludinghong, Yangjianghong, Hanyuanhong, Nanjianghong and other red granites; Green, Panxilan, Miyi Green, Baoxing Green and other varieties are also famous. There are also many good varieties in the hinterland of the two lakes. For example, the red series include Yichanghong, Sanxiahong, Xilinghong, Rose Red, Xianghong, Coffee Red, Yingshanhong, Dawuhong, etc. The green series includes Three Gorges Green and Yichang Green. Treasure green, dark green, etc., with white and black granite; Yungui area is also rich in granite, famous for Du Fuhong, Gaolianghong, Pearl Red, Yunnan Black, Purple and Luodian Green. The Tibetan Plateau also produces black and white varieties of granite. Marble resources are also spread all over the country, with more than 400 varieties, in addition to the well-known Taiwanese Hualien Dahua Green, Dandong Green, Laiyang Green, Fangshan Hanbaiyu, Quyang Hanbaiyu, Hangshi, Yunshi and Yixing Cream, Shandong Yunnan, Sichuan, Lianghe, Lianghu, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Guangxi and Anhui provinces and autonomous regions are rich in resources and numerous varieties; according to the color of black, white, red, gray, yellow, brown and so on. Of course, there are many marbles with chic colors and beautiful patterns. Many places are also elegant and novel, such as silver mesh jade, snow night plum, silver silk shadow, cloud flower, autumn landscape, wood grain, blue cloud, etc., many varieties Become a necessary decorative material for inlays, screens, desktops, paperweights, etc. It can be used as a stone deposit for commercial marble and granite. Its reserves are difficult to express with correct values. Some geologically explored stone deposits submit industrial and prospective reserves from tens of thousands to hundreds of millions, and reserves in development and production processes. Constantly upgrade and expand. For some deposits with only census data, the calculation of their reserves is often large and deep, and the measurement standards (referring to the amount of blocks or rock ore) are not uniform. Therefore, we can only presume from a macro perspective that the mineral resources we need to use in a few hundred years will not be eliminated. However, one point should be stated, that is, we should try to improve and formulate feasible stone resource exploration specifications (or regulations) to standardize the depth, network and reserve calculations for the various stages of geological work we are going to carry out. The slate resources are also very rich in China, and the distribution range is relatively wide. Except for the North China Plain, the Northeast Plain and other plains, basins and deserts, the thick layer of loose areas has been covered since the Cenozoic, and those outside the volcanic rocks are exposed. Many provinces, cities and districts can be found. Slate, thousand slate, phyllite and shale in the pre-Sinian, Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian, Permian and Triassic strata widely distributed in China, can be found and developed A large number of slate with excellent varieties. There are purple slate and phyllite in the Permian strata in Beijing. In the Sinian stratum, there are not only slate and phyllite in various colors such as light gray, grayish green, silver ash, and gray black, but also the thickness of the exposed is large. For example, there is a set of slate in the Sinian system of Huairou County, with a thickness of 172m. A set of phyllite and thousand slate in Fangshan County with a thickness of more than 200m. Fangshan and Mentougou areas produce rust-colored, emerald and green color-changing slate, which has long been popular. In the Baoding area of ​​Hebei Province, Yixian, Mancheng, Xushan, etc. produced deep rust, milky white, milky yellow slate, evenly paved with decorative panels. There is also a small amount of dark rusted slate produced near Fangshan. Shaanxi slate resources are very rich. Among them, the slate in northern Shaanxi is in the Triassic strata, from Shenmu and Jiaxian in the north, through Mizhi, Jude, Jingjing, Yanchuan and Yichuan, to the southwest, through Luochuan, Huanglong and Huangling. Suihua, Xunyi, Binxian, Linzhe and other counties in northern Fujian. In China's terrestrial structure, they belong to the Ordos platform. The stratum is gentle, the faults are few, and the mineralization is very favorable. The Middle Cambrian to the Lower Silurian in southern Shaanxi and western Hubei have exposed a wide range of slate, with a length of more than 300 km. It is China's slate export base. The town of Bazhong in the Hanzhong area in the south of Shaanxi Province passes through Shiquan, Hanyang, Ziyang, Gangyu, Ankang and Pingli in the Ankang area until the east reaches Zhenping. It is about 200km long and more than 50km wide. Shaanxi slate is rich in color, including black, green, gray, gray-green, rust, yellow, silver, silver and so on. Such as Ziyang, Zhenping's green, yellow-green slate, Zhenping's gray slate is very famous. Hubei is also an important production area for slate in China. The western slate is divided into two major pieces. The first is the black carbonaceous calcareous slate, carbonaceous slate and black silicified plate produced in the Paleozoic-Mesozoic strata on the banks of the Yangtze River in western Hubei. Rocks, etc., are mainly distributed in Changyang County, Yichang County, Xingshan County and Shennongjia Forest Area. Where the slate rock formation is intact, the tendency is gentle, the rock formation is bare or the cover is thin, and it is easy to open-pit mining. The other film is produced in the Zhushan, Zhuxi and Fangxian areas of the Shiyan area. It is about 100 km long, and the thickness of the deposit is several meters to ten meters. The thickest part can reach up to kilometer. The mine belongs to the eastward extension of the slate belt in southern Shaanxi, mainly a set of metamorphic rocks of the Cambrian, Ordovician and Silurian. There are black, gray-black carbonaceous slate, gray, mung bean color, green shale slate, yellow phyllite, and carbon siliceous slate. Among them, black carbonaceous slate, siliceous slate, siliceous slate and green shale slate have the best quality and the largest export volume. The northwestern Hubei Province has the most abundant bamboo creek resources, followed by Zhushan County and has fewer Fangxian counties. The quality of slate has gradually deteriorated from the west to the music. The traffic conditions in the mining area are more and more convenient from west to east. The mineral composition and chemical composition of the ore in this area are the same as those in the southern Shaanxi plate. There are also slate stones in the northeastern part of Sichuan, which borders Shaanxi and Hubei. The Dabashan fault is divided into two north and south producing areas. The northern plate slab is produced in Wanyuan County, the Lujiaping Formation of the Cambrian in Chengkou County, and the Maoguandi Formation of the Zhuzhuping Formation. There are many varieties of slate in this area, ranging from light gray to dark gray, yellow, pure black, gray black and so on. Some also present a brown-yellow color or a strip of deep and light colors arranged in a beautiful, elegant and elegant style. It is more than 90 km long and 4 to 13 km wide in Sichuan. It is the most promising area for slate in Sichuan. The slate in the southern part of Sichuan is in Chengkou County and Wuxi County, and is also in the Cambrian strata. Mostly black, gray, and dark gray. The surface length is more than 115 km and the width is more than 3 to 8 km. Purple, silver-gray slate is produced in Wutai County and Dingxiang County of Shanxi Province. Zuoquan County, Licheng County, and Pingshun County in the Taihang Mountains produce pink and black slate dominated by paving slate. In addition, Zhejiang Anji's 'Black King' slate; southwestern part of the Yangtze River is widely distributed with purple-red phyllite, black slate, grass green phyllite, etc.; Hunan's Proterozoic Banxi group also has purple, gray-green, Green, dark gray, gray black and black phyllite, slate; in Guangxi, Guizhou and other provinces (districts) also have good slate, phyllite distribution; they are all slate production areas or before the development of slate Scenic area. After nearly 20 years of hard work, China has built a preliminary modern stone industry system, forming dozens of stone industry and trade bases, becoming the most fossil processing trade center in Asia! Shandong Laizhou Stone Industry and Trade Base: Laizhou City as the center, including Yantai, Pingdu, Weihai, Rongcheng, Qingdao and other regions, with 8 imported sheet production lines, with an annual output of 6 million square meters. Guangdong Yunfu Stone Industry and Trade Base: The local only produces cloud gray marble. With the attention and support of the local government, it has developed into the largest stone processing trade base in China, processing domestic famous granite and marble, with an annual output of about 15 million square meters. Guangdong Shenzhen Stone Industry and Trade Base: In order to meet the needs of construction in Shenzhen, Shenzhen Granite Factory was established in 1985. Up to now, it has formed a stone processing trade base including Dongguan, Shunde and other areas, and radiated to Shantou area, mainly imported blocks and slabs of slabs, which were processed and sold to the interior. The local granite resources are very rich, and the products sell well at home and abroad, with a total output of about 10 million square meters. Fujian Xiamen Stone Industry and Trade Base: including Xiamen, Quanzhou, Fuding and other areas. This area is rich in granite resources and has a long history of development. The famous Hui'an stone carvings are well-known at home and abroad. It is the dwellings of ordinary people, and they are often constructed with stone and stone slabs. More than a decade ago, the workshop-style small processing plant has been changed to an imported assembly line. The output has been greatly increased and the quality has been greatly improved. The products are sold well both at home and abroad, and the plate alone exceeds 10 million square meters. In addition to me, there are stone carving processing, stone machinery manufacturing, and stone abrasives manufacturing. In Huaqiao University in Quanzhou, there is also a stone machinery research institute. Its products are everywhere in the country. Guangxi Tunxi Stone Industry and Trade Base: It mainly mines and processes the locally produced Quxi Red (also known as Maple Leaf Red) granite, with an annual output of about 10 million square meters. Sichuan Ya'an Stone Industry and Trade Base: In the Ya'an-- Baoxing area, there are abundant marble and granite resources, and there are many medium and high-grade varieties, with an annual output of about 9 million square meters. Henan Nanyang Stone Material Industry and Trade Base: mainly based on the mining and processing of marble. The local marble is rich in resources and has many varieties of colors, but the batch size is small and the processing capacity is relatively small. The annual output is about 350,000 square meters. In addition, the marble carving process is more developed. Xinjiang Stone Industry and Trade Base: including southern Xinjiang and northern Xinjiang, it is the fastest growing stone industry and trade base in China (the early 90s) and the highest starting point (imported production line). Xinjiang has many colors and large reserves, and the mines are distributed on the Gobi. The large-scale mining has little impact on the environment. In this connection, it will become the largest stone material production base in China. The mines are distributed in Tori, Hami, Shanshan, Heshuo and other places. Imported production lines are mostly concentrated in Urumqi and Hami. Beijing Banshi Industry and Trade Base: Slate, which is slate. In the 1980s, foreign merchants purchased a large amount of goods. In the late 1990s, domestic demand surged, and slate was popular with people for its unique naturalness. The cultural walls in the family used it to decorate. Beijing slate is distributed in Fangshan and Mentougou, and includes Mancheng and Yixian in Baoding District of Hebei Province. Mining and processing are relatively backward, with an annual output of about 500,000 square meters. Zanhuang Banshi Industry and Trade Base: including Zanhuang and Xingtai in Hebei, Zuoquan, Heshun and Licheng in Shanxi, mainly producing sand slate, with huge reserves and annual output of 200,000 square meters. Shaanxi Ziyang Slate Industry and Trade Base: including Zhenba and Sui in the vicinity of Ziyang and Zhushan and Zhuxi in Hubei. It is mainly shale slate, with large reserves and many varieties of flowers and colors. The annual output is more than 1 million square meters, and the products are exported in large quantities. Hebei Quyang Stone Carving Industry and Trade Base: Quyang stone carving has a history of 2000 years and is known as the hometown of stone carving. Its sculpture style is simple, strong and atmospheric, and it is the representative of the northern stone carving. But before the 1980s, the main stone carving lion, the product is single, the real development is nearly 20 years. In addition to the traditional stone lion, it also engraves a large number of Western ladies, characters and fireplaces and other crafts, and the products are sold at home and abroad. In 1999, there were thousands of stone carving enterprises, employing more than 20,000 people, with an annual output value of 400 million yuan, becoming a local pillar industry. Inner Mongolia Shanxi Heigang Gangshi Industry and Trade Base: It extends from the town of Fengzhen in Inner Mongolia to the southeast. It passes through Wuyuan in Shanxi Province to Zhangping in Hebei Province, stretching for hundreds of kilometers, and intermittently distributing black granite. The black granite in this area is the best in the world and is the raw material for processing high-grade tombstones. The largest mine is Wuyuan, followed by Fengzhen and Luanping. The annual output of blocks is about 100,000 cubic meters, and the products are exported.
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