In August, the number of factories and regions where ammonium sulfate factory prices fell below the 1,000 yuan mark was increasing. Shanxi, Hebei, Henan, and other places were sold at prices ranging from 900 to 950 yuan, and the lowest prices in the market were below 800 yuan. Although the quoted price in the southern region was relatively high, the actual transaction price also fell about 300 yuan from the previous high point. The current price has basically returned to the level of last March, compared with the same period last year, the price gap is about 400 yuan.
According to analysis, the recent slump in the price of ammonium sulfate has mainly the following reasons:
- Decline in demand for fertilizers There are three main requirements for ammonium sulfate in China. One is the demand for chemical fertilizers, that is, compound fertilizer manufacturers use ammonium sulfate as raw material, the second is rare earth demand, and the third is exports. Fertilizer demand is the most important part. In the first four months of this year, the market for compound fertilizers was in a good trend, with strong demand, high operating rate of enterprises, and a large demand for ammonium sulfate. However, after the end of May, the fertilizer market began to weaken, the operating rate of enterprises decreased, and the demand for ammonium sulfate also declined. This coincided with the other two major needs of ammonium sulfate at the time – rare earths and exports were relatively flat, and the overall market demand Insufficient, resulting in rapid decline in the price of ammonium sulfate.
——The falling price of urea caused ammonium sulfate and urea to belong to the same nitrogenous fertilizer. The price of urea had a certain impact on the price of ammonium sulfate, especially when the other requirements of ammonium sulfate were insufficient and the properties of chemical fertilizers appeared, the price correlation between the two was even greater. After late May, the price of urea fell sharply. In just over a month, the price fell by 200 to 300 yuan, drastically lowering the price of ammonium sulfate.
- International prices have dropped China's zero tariff on ammonium sulfate exports, which is very favorable for ammonium sulfate exports. At the same time, due to the absence of tariffs, domestic ammonium sulfate prices and international ammonium sulfate can basically converge. Since May, international ammonium sulphate prices have fallen sharply. By mid-July, the FOB price of caprolactam ammonium sulfate in the Black Sea region has dropped from US$180 to US$190. Baltic caprolactam ammonium sulfate FOB price ranges from US$170 to US$180. Ukraine’s coking ammonium sulfate offshores. The price of 150 to 155 US dollars, in Southeast Asia, CIF of 240 to 245 US dollars, basically fell to the price level at the beginning of the year.
Rare-earth demand is weak Last year, the price of ammonium sulfate rose sharply. One of the important reasons was the demand for rare earths. Last year, the rare earth market was very popular, and the price was doubled several times during the year. It also brought fire to the ammonium sulfate market. Basically, each time the price of ammonium sulfate hit a new high, it was caused by the purchase of rare earth manufacturers. However, with the increase in rare earth remediation efforts this year, the phenomenon of private mining rare earth has hit, the rare earth demand for ammonium sulfate suddenly reduced a lot, coupled with dealers and rare earth itself there are still a lot of high-priced inventory to be digested, The amount of newly purchased ammonium sulfate needed is quite small.
After a sharp decline in the previous period, the current price of ammonium sulfate has started to stabilize and stabilize, and it is unlikely that it will continue to fall, especially if it falls sharply. First, compound fertilizer manufacturers are about to enter the autumn fertilizer production season. At present, some manufacturers have begun to purchase raw materials, and the demand for ammonium sulfate will also be significantly enlarged. The second reason is that the price drop of ammonium sulfate in this round was quite large, exceeding the drop in the price of ammonium chloride, resulting in an anomaly in some places where the price of ammonium sulfate was lower than that of ammonium chloride, and the price advantage of ammonium sulfate appeared. Third, due to the sluggish iron and steel industry, coking companies generally suffered losses, and coke production showed a negative growth. The company’s loss reached 72.5%. At present, coking plants generally increase their efforts to limit production. The operating rate in Shandong is 50% to 60%, and some manufacturers in Shanxi have a low operating rate of 30% to 40%, which reduces the supply of coking ammonium sulfate and provides less price support. Fourth, the international price of ammonium sulfate rebounded. Since late July, the prices of ammonium sulfate in the Baltic Sea and the Black Sea have rebounded by 5 to 15 US dollars. China's ammonium sulfate exports have been warming. The current order of ammonium sulfate in the port area has increased, and the price of arrival in Hong Kong has regained 1,100 yuan.
A ball check valve is a check valve in which the closing member, the movable part to block the flow, is a spherical ball. In some ball check Valves, the ball is spring-loaded to help keep it shut. For those designs without a spring, reverse flow is required to move the ball toward the seat and create a seal. The interior surface of the main seats of ball check valves are more or less conically-tapered to guide the ball into the seat and form a positive seal when stopping reverse flow.
Ball check valves are often very small, simple, and cheap. They are commonly used in liquid or gel minipump dispenser spigots, spray devices, some rubber bulbs for pumping air, etc., manual air pumps and some other pumps, and refillable dispensing syringes. Although the balls are most often made of metal, they can be made of other materials, or in some specialized cases out of artificial ruby. High pressure HPLC pumps and similar applications commonly use small inlet and outlet ball check valves with both balls and seats made of artificial ruby, for both hardness and chemical resistance. After prolonged use, such check valves can eventually wear out or the seat can develop a crack, requiring replacement. Therefore, such valves are made to be replaceable, sometimes placed in a small plastic body tightly-fitted inside a metal fitting which can withstand high pressure and which is screwed into the pump head.
There are similar check valves where the disc is not a ball, but some other shape, such as a poppet energized by a spring. Ball check valves should not be confused with Ball Valves, which is a different type of valve in which a ball acts as a controllable rotor to stop or direct flow.
A diaphragm check valve uses a flexing rubber diaphragm positioned to create a normally-closed valve. Pressure on the upstream side must be greater than the pressure on the downstream side by a certain amount, known as the pressure differential, for the check valve to open allowing flow. Once positive pressure stops, the diaphragm automatically flexes back to its original closed position.
A swing check valve or tilting disc check valve is check valve in which the disc, the movable part to block the flow, swings on a hinge or trunnion, either onto the seat to block reverse flow or off the seat to allow forward flow. The seat opening cross-section may be perpendicular to the centerline between the two ports or at an angle. Although swing check valves can come in various sizes, large check valves are often swing check valves. The flapper valve in a flush-toilet mechanism is an example of this type of valve. Tank pressure holding it closed is overcome by manual lift of the flapper. It then remains open until the tank Drains and the flapper falls due to gravity. Another variation of this mechanism is the clapper valve, used in applications such firefighting and fire life safety systems. A hinged gate only remains open in the inflowing direction. The clapper valve often also has a spring that keeps the gate shut when there is no forward pressure. Another example is the backwater valve (for sanitary drainage system) that protects against flooding caused by return flow of sewage waters. Such risk occurs most often in sanitary drainage systems connected to combined sewerage systems and in rainwater drainage systems. It may be caused by intense rainfall, thaw or flood.
A stop-check valve is a check valve with override control to stop flow regardless of flow direction or pressure. In addition to closing in response to backflow or insufficient forward pressure (normal check-valve behavior), it can also be deliberately shut by an external mechanism, thereby preventing any flow regardless of forward pressure.
A lift-check valve is a check valve in which the disc, sometimes called a lift, can be lifted up off its seat by higher pressure of inlet or upstream fluid to allow flow to the outlet or downstream side. A guide keeps motion of the disc on a vertical line, so the valve can later reseat properly. When the pressure is no longer higher, gravity or higher downstream pressure will cause the disc to lower onto its seat, shutting the valve to stop reverse flow.
An in-line check valve is a check valve similar to the lift check valve. However, this valve generally has a spring that will 'lift' when there is pressure on the upstream side of the valve. The pressure needed on the upstream side of the valve to overcome the spring tension is called the 'cracking pressure'. When the pressure going through the valve goes below the cracking pressure, the spring will close the valve to prevent back-flow in the process.
A duckbill valve is a check valve in which flow proceeds through a soft tube that protrudes into the downstream side. Back-pressure collapses this tube, cutting off flow.
A pneumatic non-return valve.
Multiple check valves can be connected in series. For example, a double check valve is often used as a backflow prevention device to keep potentially contaminated water from siphoning back into municipal water supply lines. There are also double ball check valves in which there are two ball/seat combinations sequentially in the same body to ensure positive leak-tight shutoff when blocking reverse flow; and piston check valves, wafer check valves, and ball-and-cone check valves.
Check Valves, Water Check Valves, Brass Check Valves, Sanitary Check Valves
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