The fundamental measure to prevent premature aging of cotton is to strengthen the basic construction of cotton fields, that is, to deepen the cultivation of cotton fields, increase the application of organic fertilizers and maintain the balance of various elements in the soil. When cotton enters the late postnatal period, only the following remedies can be taken:
First, the management of fertilizer and water should be based on the condition of cotton plants, climate and local conditions, re-apply flower and bell fertilizer, such as insufficient flower and bell fertilizer, and then apply topping fertilizer. After entering mid-August, if the maximum water holding capacity in the field is less than 60%, and it is lower than 55% in early September, it is necessary to timely water the water to promote the fertilizer with water to ensure the timely effect of fertilizer efficiency. If the cotton is prematurely aging due to potassium deficiency in the soil, the application of the base fertilizer should be carried out at the same time as the application of potassium sulfate or potassium chloride in the seedling stage 5~10 kg. When fertilizing, it is necessary to deeply plow more than 20 cm, apply fertilizer to the bottom of the plow, and implement deep application of fertilizer, promote root system, reduce fertilizer loss, and improve fertilizer utilization. In the flowering and ringing period, it is necessary to pour small water in case of drought, and carefully clean the ditch car to prevent further water stains;
Second, reasonable control to prevent premature aging of plants to develop premature aging, should be combined with climate, soil strength, appearance, comprehensive consideration of chemical control time and the amount of Zhuangsu, this is the top priority. Generally, in the 8-leaf stage, the bud stage, the initial flowering stage, the flowering stage, and the topping, a small amount of spraying agent such as Zhuangtingling is sprayed several times to achieve reasonable regulation.
Third, after the root dressing in August, for the cotton field lacking phosphorus and potassium deficiency, spray 300-500 times of potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution every 10-15 days, 60-80 kg of fertilizer spray per acre. For nitrogen-deficient cotton fields, 200 times of urea solution can be sprayed. Topdressing outside the roots, spraying on cloudy days, and spraying on sunny days in the evening to avoid burning the leaves.
Fourth, after the board is broken, the cotton fields that are not closed, especially in the hilly areas, should be loosened in time to break the knot. The loose soil should not be too deep, so as not to damage the root system and destroy the soil. It is also possible to spray the soil conditioner "free of deep tillage". Spraying “free deep tillage†can break the knot, loosen the soil and improve the soil structure; it can fully exert the fertilizer effect, promote the normal growth of the root system and improve the root absorption capacity. Spraying “free deep tillage†method: 200 ml of water per acre, 50 kg of water, evenly sprayed on the soil.
Fifth, the topping of the pruning First, we must finely pruning in time, remove the invalid flower buds, the flower buds after the autumn or the white flowers after the white dew should be removed to reduce consumption. Secondly, for the lower fruit branches, there should be less fruit festivals, the first and second fruit branches should be left for 1 section, and the third and fourth fruit branches should be left for 2 knots. This method can save organic nutrients and prevent premature aging of cotton.
Sixth, the functional period of normal leaves of insect-proof and protective leaves is generally about 8 weeks, but due to the damage of cotton bollworm, blind mites, red spiders and other diseases such as blight, blight, yellow leaf stem blight, the leaves are damaged or detached. Reduces the function of the blade and accelerates premature aging. Therefore, we must prevent and control the pests, reduce the disease, and extend the function of the leaves. In the early stage of the onset of Verticillium wilt, 40% carbendazim 1000 times solution can be used for root irrigation (0.5 kg/plant), or with fulvic acid 500 times solution plus a new high-fat film mixed spray to prevent and control.
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