In order to develop sustainable products, it is necessary to change the traditional understanding of the product life cycle. The life cycle of a product is generally divided into three stages of manufacturing, use, and recycling. Only the manufacturing stage is a stage of generating added value. In the production of sustainable products, the effective extension of the manufacturing process will continue to increase the added value of the entire product in use and recycling. The value of products in the 21st century will not be based on solidified hardware, but on their knowledge and technology. In the use of products, through the continuous updating and increase of knowledge and technical content, the evolution of products can be realized, and even the replacement and expansion of product added value. In many cases it can be done over the network.
The hardware content of the product should be as small as possible, and it is mostly modular, which is easy to expand and update. Products will increasingly enter the market in a rented manner. Remanufacturing will be an important way of producing products. Remanufacturing is different from repairing. The purpose of repairing is to restore the performance of the original product, and remanufacturing is to make the performance of the product a higher level.
The innovation of products in the 21st century will be further accelerated. Without innovation, it will not meet the needs of social progress and quality of life. Without innovative products, it will not win the market. Innovation is not a contradiction with the development of sustainable products. Constantly updating and increasing product knowledge and technical content is an important way of product innovation.
At the same time, measures must be taken from the cognitive, regulatory, institutional, and technical aspects to achieve green manufacturing and sustainable development.
2 Informatization manufacturing technology is the main development direction of machinery manufacturing
Today's era is the information age. There are many major scientific and technological achievements in the 20th century, but no one technology has the same impact on society as it is on information technology. Information flow is most active during the production process. Material flow and energy flow move under the command of information flow. The integration of information technology and manufacturing technology is the main direction of the development of mechanical manufacturing technology. The biggest change in mechanical manufacturing technology in recent years has been the change in information acquisition, information processing, and information flow. Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing, Simulation, Modeling, Neural Networks, Fuzzy Control, Intelligent Technology, Robotics, Flexible Manufacturing Technology, Integrated Manufacturing Systems, Concurrent Engineering, Lean Manufacturing, Agile Manufacturing, Virtual Manufacturing, Virtual Reality, Reverse Engineering, Almighty Manufacturing, global manufacturing, etc. are still hot topics in mechanical manufacturing technology. The application of information technology has penetrated into various aspects.
The 21st century informatization manufacturing technology will have its new development characteristics. This development feature will first be embodied in Intelligence, Internet, Integration and Innovation. Together with Information, it can be called 5I technology.
Information is the basis for control. Information can be ordered, but more unordered. Extracting useful information from unordered information requires knowledge and intelligence. Knowledge and intelligence are an orderly, high-level information that can sort and organize information. The mechanization that began in the second half of the 19th century and the automation that began in the 20th century mainly liberated humans from physical strength. Then the 21st century needs to liberate humans from the brain, which requires intelligence. Only intelligent can achieve higher levels of automation in more complex situations. The process of economic globalization that began at the end of the 20th century, off-site design, knowledge sharing, resource sharing, concurrent engineering, lean production, agile manufacturing, global manufacturing, etc. all benefited from the Internet. The Internet is changing people's lives and changing the face of manufacturing. E-commerce, online training, online services, online technical support, and remanufacturing of products through the Internet are globalizing the entire process of production. The 21st century manufacturing technology will be a networked global manufacturing technology that will become an important way of manufacturing and remanufacturing through the network to continuously update and increase the knowledge and technical content of products.
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