Lipid Metabolic Disorders and Retinal Microvascular Diseases Purpose: There are few data on the effects of blood lipids on microvascular disease. This study evaluated the relationship between population-based lipid levels and retinal microangiopathy in Australia (n=3654, age > 49 years). Methods: The diameters of the retinal arteries and veins were measured by digital photographs of each subject to obtain a estimate of systemic arteriolar stenosis. Localized small arteriolar stenosis, arteriovenous traffic, and retinopathy (microaneurysms, hemorrhage, hard/soft exudation) were graded using standardized methods. Eighty-nine percent of the subjects underwent a fasting blood test. The adjustment mean is calculated using a general linear model. Logistic regression models were used to determine the odds ratio of retinal microvascular symptoms. RESULTS: After controlling for age, gender, body mass index, smoking, and mean blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was associated with retinal artery (4 = 0.002) and venous stenosis (4 = 0.03), while increasing total retina The incidence of arterial stenosis (OR1.6, the highest 1/5 vs. the lowest 1/5 of the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol 95% CI 1.1~2.2). There is a U-shaped relationship between plasma triglycerides and vein diameter (4 = 0.003). There was no consistent relationship between plasma total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and any retinal microvascular symptoms. Conclusion: This study suggests that different lipid metabolism disorders may lead to different retinal microvascular diseases.
World Core Medical Journal Abstracts Ophthalmology Two incisions through the ciliary body flat vitrectomy: retrospective intervention case series Background and purpose: The current review did not appear in cases of adult patients with two-incision vitrectomy. This study evaluated the feasibility and efficacy of two-incision (rather than three or four incisions) through the vitrectomy of the pars plana in the treatment of diabetic patients with nonclearing vitreous hemorrhage due to retinal neovascularization. Design: Interventional retrospective case study to evaluate the long-term control of chronic simple vitreous hemorrhage in patients with diabetes, and the incidence and nature of complications associated with the procedure. METHODS: A prospective analysis of 12 consecutive patients with nonclearing vitreous hemorrhage due to retinal neovascularization was performed with two incisions through the vitrectomy of the ciliary body (intraocular photocoagulation and membrane dissection if necessary). RESULTS: All patients successfully removed vitreous hemorrhage. No significant intraoperative complications occurred. Optimal postoperative visual acuity was associated with crystal and macular perfusion status. CONCLUSIONS: For patients with indications, the two incisions are better (more safe and fast) than the standard three-incision vitrectomy through the ciliary body flat vitrectomy.
Clinical features of rotational strabismus Objective: To retrospectively evaluate the incidence of rotational strabismus in patients with diplopia, and to analyze the causes and clinical manifestations of rotational strabismus. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 266 patients who underwent double vision and who underwent Lancaster traffic light examination (LRGT) between January 2001 and December 2002 was performed. The symptoms, causes and clinical manifestations of rotational strabismus and rotational strabismus in the LRGT examination were analyzed. The squint seen in the LRGT examination and the squint found in the Maddox examination (MDRT) and fundus photographic examination were compared. RESULTS: Of the 66 patients, 63 (24%) developed rotational strabismus during LRGT examination. Of the 63 patients, 8 complained of reversing diplopia. Upper oblique palsy (SOP) is the most common cause (42 cases), followed by oblique separation (6 cases) and thyroid eye disease (3 cases). In the LRGT examination, 57 patients were external strabismus and 4 patients belonged to internal strabismus. The natural recovery rate of vasoactive strabismus was 83%, and the traumaticity was 17%. MDRT and fundus photographic examination showed a strong correlation between rotational strabismus and rotational strabismus found by LRGT examination. There was no correlation between the number of torsional diplopias in patients with rotational strabismus and their recovery. CONCLUSIONS: Although patients complaining of reversal of diplopia were rare, 24% of patients with double vision showed rotational strabismus during LRGT examination. SOP is the most common cause. Patients with vasogenic squint tend to have a self-healing tendency.
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