Use simple diagnostic instruments and personal experience to understand and master the system's operating conditions, diagnose faults in the hydraulic system, determine the location and cause of the fault, and accurately predict the future technical status of the hydraulic system. To guide maintenance and renovation.
With the advancement of technology, maintenance personnel can use the simple diagnostic equipment and personal experience to understand and master the system operation status during the operation of the hydraulic system or without disassembling the parts, and diagnose the failure of the hydraulic system. Determine the location and cause of the fault and accurately predict the future technical status of the hydraulic system to guide maintenance and modification. Since this kind of fault diagnosis is mainly detected by human feeling and simple instruments, it is also called "sensory diagnosis method".
1, visual diagnosis
Visual diagnostics is a method of judging a fault by observing the true phenomenon of hydraulic system operation with the eye.
1 Observe the pressure value and fluctuation of each pressure measuring point of the hydraulic system by observing the movement of the actuator;
2 Observe whether the oil is clean, whether it is deteriorated or blackened or emulsified, whether the oil quantity meets the requirements, whether the oil stagnation meets the requirements, and whether the surface of the oil has foam;
3 Observe the hydraulic pipe joint, the valve plate joint, the hydraulic cylinder end cover and the oil pump drive shaft, etc., whether there is leakage, dripping and grease phenomenon;
4 Observe whether there is any jumping phenomenon when the hydraulic components such as the piston rod or the table of the hydraulic cylinder work.
2, auditory diagnosis
The auditory diagnosis method is a method of judging a fault by judging whether the operation of the hydraulic system or the hydraulic component is normal or not.
1 Listen to whether the noise of the hydraulic pump and hydraulic system is too large, and whether the components such as the overflow valve have screams;
2Whether the impact sound is too large when the worktable is reversing, does the piston of the hydraulic cylinder have the sound of impacting the bottom of the cylinder, and listen to whether there is a slight and continuous sound inside the oil passage plate;
3 Listen to whether there is a knocking sound when the hydraulic pump is running.
4 Listening to the working state of the reversing valve, if the electromagnet emits a 'click' sound, it is normal; if the impact sound is emitted, it is because the spool is moving too fast or the electromagnet core is in poor contact or the pressure difference is too large. The sound that is emitted.
5 Listen to whether there is liquid flow sound or other sound in the hydraulic components and pipelines. Check and judge the flow of hydraulic oil in the oil pipe. A steel rod can be used. One end is attached to the ear and one end is in contact with the outer wall of the oil pipe. There is a 'banging' sound in the tube, which is the sound of the pressure oil with high pressure and fast flow in the oil pipe; if there is a sound of 'å—¡å—¡' in the pipe, it is the resonance sound when the hydraulic pump is running without oil in the pipe; I heard a 'click' sound in the tube, which is the sound of the general pressure oil flowing inside the tube;
6 If you hit the oil pipe while listening to the test, you will hear the crisp sound as there is no oil in the oil pipe, and you will hear the muffled sound as there is oil in the pipe.
3 tactile diagnosis
Tactile diagnosis is a method of judging a fault by touching the temperature rise and working condition of a moving part by hand.
1 When touching the temperature of the hydraulic pump casing, the outer wall of the fuel tank and the outer casing of the valve body by hand, if the finger touch is cold, it is about 5-10 °C; if the finger touch feels warm and not hot, about 20~30 °C If the finger touch feels hot and hot but can bear, about 40 to 50 ° C; if the finger touch is hot and can only endure 2 to 35 ° C, about 50 ~ 60 ° C; if you touch with your fingers, feel hot and urgent Retracted, about 70 ° C or more. Generally, if the temperature is above 50 °C, the cause should be checked.
2 Touch the moving parts and the tubing by hand to feel the vibration. Generally, the vibrating body is contacted with the index finger, the middle finger and the ring finger to judge the vibration. If the finger feels slightly micro-pulsation, it is weak vibration; if the finger feels the vibration of the wave, it is a general vibration; if the finger feels a trembling vibration, it is a medium vibration; if the finger feels a sense of jumping, it is strong vibration.
3 Touch the tubing by hand to determine if there is any oil flowing in the tube. If the finger does not have any vibration, it is an oil-free empty oil pipe; if the finger has an uninterrupted continuous vibration feeling, it is a fuel pipe with pressure oil; if the finger has a sense of irregular vibration, it is a oil pipe with a small amount of pressure fluctuation oil.
4 Touch the workbench by hand to judge whether there is crawling when moving slowly.
5 Touch the control parts such as the iron stop and the fretting start by hand to judge the tightness of the fastening screw.
4, olfactory diagnosis
The olfactory diagnosis method is a method of judging a fault by smelling the smell of the working environment of the hydraulic system.
If there is a "coking" odor in the hydraulic oil, the hydraulic components such as the hydraulic pump are locally heated, so that the surrounding hydraulic oil is scorched, and the hot part and the cause are judged accordingly; whether the hydraulic oil has a foul smell or thorn The spicy taste of the nose, if any, indicates that the hydraulic oil has been seriously polluted and cannot be used continuously; whether there is any smell in the working environment to judge whether the electrical component insulation is burnt or not.
----- Editor-in-Chief: Dalan Oil Pump Motor 02-Procurement Consultant
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