Crops apply fertilizer "fitness" to prevent disease

It is a common reason to fertilize the land and fertilize it, but it cannot increase the amount of fertilizer or rely solely on chemical fertilizer.

Rational fertilization can make plants grow robust and develop normally, which means that the plant's genetic potential, including disease resistance, can be expressed normally. Therefore, all cultivation management measures that are conducive to the normal growth of plants, including fertilization, can help prevent disease. Fitness cultivation has become a fundamental measure to prevent and cure a variety of diseases.

It is well known that severe fat deficiency or excessive fertilization can lead to physiological diseases, called deficiency or fat damage. In most cases, inappropriate fertilization may not cause significant abnormalities, but may reduce the disease resistance of the plant. Rice blast, sheath blight, wheat powdery mildew, tobacco brown spot disease, etc. are often referred to as high-fertility diseases. Here, “high-fertilizer” actually refers to nitrogen fertilizer. Excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer, too late or excessive concentration, often cause rice plants to grow wild, the leaves are weak and draped, the content of ammonia nitrogen and free amino acids in the body is too high, and the ratio of carbon to nitrogen is reduced, which ultimately weakens the disease resistance of rice. Excessive nitrogen fertilizer will also cause plant toughness and long dew condensation, providing suitable environmental conditions for fungal diseases; on the contrary, rice mayard, apple tree rot, wheat root rot, Solanaceae early blight, green Blight, as well as the catastrophic disease that often occurs on most plant seedlings, often occurs in areas where the lack of fertilizer occurs. The rice flax spot pandemic in Bangladesh in 1943 led to the famous Bangladesh famine, drought and lack of fertilizer were important reasons.

Under normal circumstances, the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers can improve the balance of nutrients in plants and promote crop maturation, thereby avoiding the pathogens infesting young tissues and enhancing the resistance to disease. In particular, it is directed to fungal diseases that locally infect plant roots, stems and leaf tissues, such as wheat stem rust, barley total erosion, potato scab, tomato early blight, corn stalk rot, and the like. However, excessive phosphorus may aggravate spinach virus disease and wheat blight, and excessive potassium may aggravate the damage of rice blast and root-knot nematode disease.

In some areas, due to the long-term excessive dependence on chemical fertilizers, the organic matter content of some farmland has decreased significantly. In addition, the use of chemical agents is abundant, soil microbial species are poor, and the ability to inhibit soil-borne diseases is reduced. This is the blight and grain of many crops in recent years. The main cause of the increase in blight, root rot and nematode. The use of decomposed organic fertilizer and bacterial fertilizer will undoubtedly increase the soil microbial species and quantity, and is a cost-relief measure to reduce or inhibit soil-borne diseases. Of course, we must also emphasize the maturity of organic fertilizer, otherwise fertilization can also spread pests and grass seeds.

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