In recent years, the planting area of ​​fruits and vegetables, vegetables, flowers and other economically valuable crops has been expanding, the production area of ​​protected areas has been increasing, the high-density cultivation of facility agriculture and the planting of a crop on the same land have been beneficial to the soil. The growth and reproduction of pathogenic bacteria. If such diseases are not controlled in time, it will cause serious production cuts or reduce product quality, and even cause no harvest. Soil disinfection is one of the important measures to control soil-borne diseases. The specific methods are as follows:
Disinfection of the drug The drug is applied to the soil before and after sowing in order to prevent the spread of the disease and the spread of the soil. The main application methods are as follows.
1. Spray or watering method. Dilute the drug to a certain concentration with water, spray it on the surface of the soil with a sprayer, or directly irrigate into the soil, so that the liquid penetrates into the deep layer of the soil and kills the bacteria in the soil. Spraying and applying the soil is suitable for field, nursery and nutrient soil, and lawn regeneration. The irrigation method is suitable for the irrigation of fruit trees, melons, and solanaceous crops and the disinfection of various crop beds. The commonly used disinfectants are Luheng No.1 and No.2, which are effective in controlling seedling diseases.
2. Poisonous soil law. The agent is first formulated into toxic soil and then applied. The preparation method of the toxic soil is prepared by mixing the pesticide (emulsifier, wettable powder) and the fine soil having a certain humidity in proportion. The application methods of toxic soil include ditch application, acupoint application and application.
3. Fumigation method. The fumigant is injected into the soil by using a soil syringe or a soil disinfecting machine, and a cover such as a film is covered on the surface of the soil, and the toxic gas of the fumigant is diffused in the soil in a closed or semi-closed facility to kill the bacteria. After the soil is fumigated, the pesticide can be sown after the agent is fully dispersed. Otherwise, it is easy to cause phytotoxicity. Commonly used soil fumigation disinfectants are methyl bromide, formaldehyde, and the like. This method has applications in the cultivation of strawberries, watermelons, vegetables in seedling agriculture, seedling beds of seedlings, and green lawn cultivation.
The solar disinfection method is to remove the old plants in the field after the greenhouse or field crops are harvested, apply organic fertilizers, and then flatten the ground. In July and August, when the temperature reaches 35°C or above, it is covered with a transparent heat absorbing film. Well, the soil temperature can be raised to 50-60 ° C, sealed for 15-20 days, can kill various bacteria in the soil. This method is suitable for use in a greenhouse greenhouse where strawberries, watermelons and flowers are planted in the north of China.
Steam heat disinfection Steam heat disinfects the soil by heating it in a steam boiler. The steam heat is sent to the soil through a conduit to raise the temperature of the soil and kill the pathogen to achieve the purpose of preventing soil-borne diseases. This method of disinfection requires complicated equipment and is only suitable for crops with high economic value and applied in small areas on the seedbed.
Disinfection of the drug The drug is applied to the soil before and after sowing in order to prevent the spread of the disease and the spread of the soil. The main application methods are as follows.
1. Spray or watering method. Dilute the drug to a certain concentration with water, spray it on the surface of the soil with a sprayer, or directly irrigate into the soil, so that the liquid penetrates into the deep layer of the soil and kills the bacteria in the soil. Spraying and applying the soil is suitable for field, nursery and nutrient soil, and lawn regeneration. The irrigation method is suitable for the irrigation of fruit trees, melons, and solanaceous crops and the disinfection of various crop beds. The commonly used disinfectants are Luheng No.1 and No.2, which are effective in controlling seedling diseases.
2. Poisonous soil law. The agent is first formulated into toxic soil and then applied. The preparation method of the toxic soil is prepared by mixing the pesticide (emulsifier, wettable powder) and the fine soil having a certain humidity in proportion. The application methods of toxic soil include ditch application, acupoint application and application.
3. Fumigation method. The fumigant is injected into the soil by using a soil syringe or a soil disinfecting machine, and a cover such as a film is covered on the surface of the soil, and the toxic gas of the fumigant is diffused in the soil in a closed or semi-closed facility to kill the bacteria. After the soil is fumigated, the pesticide can be sown after the agent is fully dispersed. Otherwise, it is easy to cause phytotoxicity. Commonly used soil fumigation disinfectants are methyl bromide, formaldehyde, and the like. This method has applications in the cultivation of strawberries, watermelons, vegetables in seedling agriculture, seedling beds of seedlings, and green lawn cultivation.
The solar disinfection method is to remove the old plants in the field after the greenhouse or field crops are harvested, apply organic fertilizers, and then flatten the ground. In July and August, when the temperature reaches 35°C or above, it is covered with a transparent heat absorbing film. Well, the soil temperature can be raised to 50-60 ° C, sealed for 15-20 days, can kill various bacteria in the soil. This method is suitable for use in a greenhouse greenhouse where strawberries, watermelons and flowers are planted in the north of China.
Steam heat disinfection Steam heat disinfects the soil by heating it in a steam boiler. The steam heat is sent to the soil through a conduit to raise the temperature of the soil and kill the pathogen to achieve the purpose of preventing soil-borne diseases. This method of disinfection requires complicated equipment and is only suitable for crops with high economic value and applied in small areas on the seedbed.
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