[China Aluminum Industry Network] 1. Waste Aluminum Recycling System is Incomplete The mode and technology of waste aluminum recycling are backward, and the scale of recycled aluminum enterprises is small, and the output is low, accounting for only 20% of the output of primary aluminum, while industrial advanced countries account for more than 40%. , embarked on the track of the development of circular economy.
2. The level of aluminum castings is not high enough. The production of aluminum castings is not large in scale. The production and operation are scattered, the production technology is not advanced, and there are few varieties, and a complete cast aluminum alloy system and heat treatment system are not formed. High quality aluminum alloy castings and die casting The pieces still cannot meet the high-speed development needs of the automobile industry and the national economy.
3. Concentration of Aluminum Processing Industry Although there are many low-aluminum processing enterprises, the production concentration is low, the scale is small, the low-level redundant construction is numerous, and the operation is decentralized. Except for several large companies such as Chinalco, no high-level production has been established. Modern large aluminum group group. After more than 10 years of macro-control and fierce market competition, China's aluminum processing companies have reduced from more than 2,000 in the 1990s to the current 1400 or so (more than 780 aluminum extrusion plants and more than 650 aluminum foil plants). ) However, large and medium-sized enterprises account for less than 20%, while backward small-scale enterprises account for more than 80%. The average aluminum production capacity in the country is only about 2.5 tons per year (average capacity of southwest aluminum is 800,000 tons per year), while industrial The capacity of aluminum processing companies in developed countries averages over 100,000 tons/year, and the larger production capacity reaches 1.7 million tons/year.
4. There are few product varieties and the quality is not high. China's deformed aluminum and aluminum alloys have not yet formed a complete independent system, with a small number of alloys and states, and high-quality and special-purpose product varieties, such as high-performance large-scale pre-stretched plates, Can use special thin plate, high-grade CTP plate and advanced decorative plate, mirror plate, aircraft skin plate, high-voltage capacitor foil, auto body aluminum plate, large special profile, large precision die forgings and high-grade forging wheel Yi, piston, etc. can not mass Production; General production of middle and low-grade products is oversupplied, and high-tech products with high technological content and high added value are in short supply, which cannot meet the high-speed and sustainable development of national defense modernization and national economy, and it needs to spend a lot of foreign exchange imports.
5. Weak technological innovation and self-developed capacity Weak comprehensive technical level, basic research, scientific and technological innovation and independent development ability is weak. The overall level of preparation technology and technological equipment of aluminum processing products and technical transformation capability are low, the comprehensive technical and economic indicators are not high, the production efficiency is low, the cost is high, and the economic benefits are not obvious. Although some aluminum processing companies in China have introduced, digested, and absorbed foreign advanced technology and technological equipment, they have achieved independent development and innovation, enabling certain companies or certain single technologies to reach or reach the international advanced level, but they have come from the entire industry. Look, many companies are still at the level of production in the 1990s. Due to institutional, institutional, financial, and technological reasons, technological innovation is weak. Therefore, the current equipment is outdated or equipment is not matched, the efficiency is low, the raw and auxiliary materials are consumed, the overall utilization rate is low, the comprehensive finished product rate is less than 70%, the energy consumption is high, the environmental pollution is serious and other issues have not yet been fundamentally solved, greatly affecting China's domestic The need for rapid economic growth. In addition, at present, aluminum processing technology in the world is continuously developing toward high efficiency, low cost, low energy consumption, short process, multi-variety, high-quality, and environmental protection, while China’s capability and strength are insufficient due to basic research, scientific and technological innovation, and independent development. Lack of specialized institutions and human resources, therefore, the lack of research and development of new technologies, new processes, new materials, and new equipment, and even foreign existing new technologies, new processes, new equipment, new materials, and preparation technologies, as well as domestic independent development results are difficult Popularization and application, as well as real industrialization, have greatly constrained the modernization of China's aluminum and aluminum processing industries.
6. Irrational product structure China's current aluminum industry in various types of product structure ratio is not reasonable, such as rolling and extrusion materials, hot-rolled billets and cast blanks, building profiles and industrial profiles, general castings and die castings, The structure and proportion of primary aluminum and recycled aluminum, aluminum and deep-processing materials, aluminum product varieties and application fields are not balanced and reasonable, and there is a considerable gap between the international advanced level and the needs of domestic and foreign markets, and the sustained high speed of the national economy. The continuous improvement of development and people’s living standards is incompatible, and great adjustments must be made.
7. The role of the government in macroeconomic regulation and control is insufficient. The combination of government guidance, macroeconomic regulation, and market adjustment is not enough. Reasonable use of resources and allocation, energy conservation and environmental protection, structure and distribution of industries and products; distribution of capital, scale and geographical distribution of industries; system and mechanisms of enterprises; correlation and integration of industry and industry; The problems of production, operation, trade, and price of the products are all related to the macroscopic guidance of the government and the orderly competition and demand of the market. However, at present, there are still many problems in the development of China's aluminum industry, such as the lack of resources and waste, high energy consumption and lack of energy-saving measures, circular economy is not on the track, industrial industry integration is not close enough, low-level redundant construction and low prices Disorderly competition; irrational product structure, lack of attention to scientific and technological development and development of new materials or poor results in R&D, ineffective industrialization, weak international competitiveness, etc., which have occurred to the high speed and sustainable development of China's aluminum industry. It is a detrimental factor.
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