September 23 is the "autumn" of the 24th solar terms. The sun directly hits the Earth's equator and forms the same length of day and night. In astronomy, the "autumn" day is set as the beginning of the fall, while the meteorological requirement is that the average temperature begins to fall below 22 °C.
In the autumn season, China's Yangtze River basin and its vast areas north of the country have entered the autumn, and the rate of temperature reduction has accelerated significantly. The autumnal equinox is a beautiful season and an important solar term in agricultural production. This is the final critical period for the filling and yield formation of autumn crops. Cotton bolls, tobacco leaves also turn from green to yellow, North China has begun to plant winter wheat, the Yangtze River basin and the vast areas of the south are busy harvesting late rice, grab the land and prepare the rapeseed. The characteristics of rapid cooling in autumn make the "three autumns" of autumn harvest, autumn farming and autumn species very busy.
The agrometeorological disasters that often occur during the autumnal season are: cold dew winds, during which time the most low temperature in autumn. When the average temperature of the day is more than three consecutive days ≤ 20 °C, it is very unfavorable for the conventional late rice heading and flowering, which is called "cold dew wind". The southern double-season late rice is heading and flowering, which is a key period for the formation of yield. The "autumn cold" weather formed by low temperature and rainy early is the main threat of double-night flowering and fruiting. Drought and rain in the autumn season will have an impact on crop growth and livestock farming. Drought and cold weather will provide a “good opportunity†for the spread of the disease. Continuous rain is the main unfavorable factor affecting the normal operation of “Three Autumnsâ€. Even the rain will cause the crops that are about to fall to fall, mold or germinate, causing serious losses.
To this end, "Sanqiu" is very busy, and the word "early" is expensive. Timely harvesting of autumn harvest crops can be protected from early frost and continuous rain. Early winter crops can be used to make full use of the heat resources before winter, and to cultivate strong seedlings for winter, which will lay the foundation for the next year.
The main agricultural activities in the autumn season. Medium rice should strengthen the management of water slurry in the later stage, adopting the wet and dry irrigation technology. It is not advisable to cut off the water before harvesting, and it is better to cut water 5-6 days before harvest. This can improve the vitality of the root system, roots and leaves, and prevent the ripening and premature aging of the valley. After the cotton bolls, the cotton areas should use the fine weather to pick the cotton in time, and insist on “four points and four quicksâ€, that is, collecting, dividing, collecting, distributing and fast-receiving, fast drying, quick picking, fast selling, so as not to be The rain is wet, moldy and deteriorating, affecting the quality of cotton. Harvested water chestnuts, lotus roots and chalk. Formulate the autumn sowing plan, and do a good job of adjusting and replacing the autumn sowing seeds. Seed selection and treatment of the three wheat and broad beans before sowing, and do a good germination test. The rapeseed is made into a seedbed, and the seedlings are sown before the end of September. The rapeseed has been reinforced to strengthen the seedbed management. In order to ensure that winter wheat is suitable for sowing, some of the late-maturing summer maize can be harvested continuously, and at the same time, for the difficult-to-mature corn plots, silage preparation should be done. For winter vegetables, sage, spinach, garlic, autumn potato, onion, green vegetables, pudding, yellow sprouts, etc. are planted and planted. Field vegetables are strengthened in field management to extend the harvest period. Strengthen animal autumn prevention and timely vaccine vaccination. Do a good job in breeding autumn livestock, processing and storing green roughage, and hatching autumn poultry. Strengthen the management of adult fish breeding, prevent and cure fish diseases, increase the investment of concentrates, promote the rapid growth of adult fish, and market in stages.
The Central Meteorological Observatory predicts that in the next 10 days (September 21-30), rainfall in most parts of southwestern China, eastern Jiangnan, and southern China will generally be 20-50 mm, including rainfall in southwestern Sichuan, western Yunnan and northern China. There are 60-90 mm; the cumulative rainfall in parts of central and eastern Hainan is 70-150 mm, and the local area is over 200 mm.
The main weather process is there. On 24-25th, the weak cold air affected northern and northeastern China, and the temperature dropped slightly. There were positive precipitation in eastern and northeastern Inner Mongolia. On the 27th to 30th, there will be cold air affecting most of the northern regions, the temperature will drop by 4-6 °C, and some areas will reach 8 °C or above; in the northwestern part of the country, North China, Huanghuai and Northeast China, there will be small to moderate rain. Heavy rain in the local area; there will be 4-5 winds in the eastern and northeastern regions of Inner Mongolia; during the period, there will be more wind and rain in the coastal areas of southern China and the southern part of China.
Focus on the weather. 1. There are more rainy days in meteorological arid areas such as Guizhou and Yunnan, but the rainfall intensity is not large. In the next 10 days, there are more rainy days in the arid regions of southeastern Sichuan, southern Chongqing, Guizhou, eastern Yunnan, and northwestern Guangxi, but the rainfall intensity is not large, and the accumulated rainfall is generally 15-40 mm, including southeastern Guizhou and northwest Guangxi. The rainfall is still less than 5 mm. 2. Rainy weather in Hainan. In the next 10 days, there are many rainy weather in Hainan, and rainfall in some parts of the central and eastern parts is relatively large. The accumulated rainfall is 70-150 mm and the local area is over 200 mm. 3. Tropical cyclones. In the next 10 days, there will be 1-2 tropical storms generated. 4. Multiple rainfall in the earthquake-stricken areas of Tibet. In the next 10 days, there will be multiple rainfall in the earthquake-stricken areas in Yadong County, Tibet.
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