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Selection of quenching oil for bearing parts
Source: China Bearing Network Time: 2018-02-09
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The bearing parts are mainly selected from mineral oil for quenching and cooling. The mineral oil is composed of white wax, bad alkane, aromatic hydrocarbon and white wax-fragrance series of hydrogen compounds and various derivatives thereof. Because of the composition and refining method Different; special quenching oil that constitutes different characteristics and different uses. According to the application requirements (including cooling rate, operating temperature, brightness, etc.), it can be divided into general quenching oil, rapid quenching oil, over-speed quenching oil, and graded quenching oil. , vacuum quenching oil, rapid bright quenching oil and mechanical oil.
When quenching oil is selected, it is necessary to fully consider the materials, shape, size of the part, the depth of the deformed hardened layer, the process, the brightness and the heat treatment equipment. The excellent quenching oil is refined with high thermal stability. The base oil (generally white wax base) is equipped with various additives that can improve the performance and service life. The rolling bearing parts are in the quenching and cooling process; the pearlite type should be prevented from changing; to prevent the occurrence of quenching opacity or part It presents the shortcomings such as troostite and soft point. For this reason, the cooling rate of quenching oil is greater than the critical cooling rate of bearing steel. However, the cooling rate should not be too large; avoiding the intrusion of large internal stress; causing cracking and excessive quenching deformation. The C curve shows that the most easily transformed austenite of GCr15 bearing steel is about 650 ° C and 450 ° C; at this temperature it is necessary to cool quickly; and in the future temperature, it can be slowly cooled; especially in the martensite transformation The slow cooling between the starting point Ms and Mf can reduce deformation and crack, but it can't be too slow. Otherwise, the austenite aging is easy to cause the addition of retained austenite. Is selected at 450 and 650 ℃ deg.] C greater than the critical cooling rate cooling rate, and after this temperature slow cooling rate for the quenching oil oil. Under normal conditions, it is difficult to determine the critical cooling rate of steel under various conditions because of the different field conditions. However, in the field, the trend of changing the critical cooling rate can be determined based on the influence of the critical cooling rate, and the quenching oil is selected accordingly. If the quenching temperature is high, the holding time is long, and the original arrangement is fine, the critical cooling rate will be smaller. This is a quenching oil that can be selected for cooling.
For bearing rings with large wall thickness; if the hardened layer is satisfied; quenching oil should have a faster cooling rate. For thin-walled bearing rings; quenching oil should have a slower cooling rate. The quenching oil with a short cooling period and a faster cooling rate should be selected.
For bearing ferrules with small deformation requirements; the best use of graded quenching oil. The grading temperature of bearing steel ferrules is above the Ms point and the cooling speed reaches the critical cooling rate.
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