In the production of vegetables, due to the improper selection of fertilizers or the use of technology, the purpose of applying medicinal fertilizers is often not achieved. Some unreasonable phenomena common in production are introduced as follows.
Pests and insecticides do not distinguish between the pests and diseases that occur on vegetables. They do not find out which type they are. They use some pesticides to spray them. Even some technicians do not investigate, they are considered to be diseases or insects at random, and the results are of course invalid.
Random compounding can be compounded with a variety of pesticides. The instructions for the contraindication table for the compounding of the drug are not consulted. The acidic or alkaline drug, the copper preparation or the sulfur preparation or other medicine can be mixed at will.
Dilution unevenness Although according to the instructions, but not fully dissolved or mixed well, it is busy with the operation, can not achieve prevention and control, such as trichlorfon crystals, copper sulfate, dikesone cream, etc., if you do not pay attention will appear the above phenomenon.
Fertilization or shallow application of fertilizer is volatile, loss or difficult to reach the root of the crop, which is not conducive to crop absorption, resulting in low fertilizer utilization. Fertilizer should be applied to the seed or plant 16~28 cm below the side.
The compound fertilizer produced by using double-chlorine fertilizer with ammonium chloride and potassium chloride is called double-chlorine fertilizer, containing about 30% chlorine, easy to burn seedlings, and timely watering. Chlorine-containing fertilizers cannot be applied to saline-alkali and chlorine-sensitive vegetable crops. Excessive application of potassium chloride to leaves (stem) vegetables not only causes the vegetables to be less tender and more fibrous, but also makes the vegetables taste bitter, with poor mouthfeel and low benefits. The urea-based compound fertilizer has high nitrogen content, and the biuret contains slightly higher nitrogen, which is easy to burn, and attention should be paid to watering and fertilization depth. Improper application of chemical fertilizers in vegetables may cause fat damage, burning seedlings, and plant wilting. For example, excessive application of chemical fertilizers or insufficient soil moisture after fertilization may cause the soil solution concentration to be too high, and the roots of the crops may be difficult to absorb water, causing the plants to wilting or even die. Excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer, a large amount of ammonia or ammonium ions in the soil, on the one hand ammonia volatilization, the formation of alkaline small water droplets in the air droplets, burning crops, causing burnt spots on the leaves. On the other hand, ammonium ions are easily nitrated on dry soil and converted to ammonium nitrite under the action of nitrosating bacteria. Gasification of nitrogen dioxide gas will poison vegetables, and irregular water-like plaques appear on vegetable leaves. Gradually whiten.
Excessive use of certain nutrients to use certain nutrients not only poisons vegetables, but also hinders the absorption of other nutrients by vegetables and causes deficiency. For example, excessive nitrogen application can cause calcium deficiency; excessive nitrate nitrogen can cause chlorosis in the absence of molybdenum; excessive potassium can reduce the effectiveness of calcium, magnesium, and boron; excessive phosphorus can reduce the effectiveness of calcium, zinc, and boron.
Fresh human excrement is directly applied to vegetables because fresh human excrement contains a large number of germs, toxins and parasite eggs. If it is not directly decomposed, it will contaminate vegetables, easily spread diseases, and require high temperature stacking fermentation or harmless. Can be applied after treatment. The unfertilized livestock manure will produce a large amount of harmful gases such as hydrogen sulfide in the process of decomposing, so that the vegetable seeds are suffocated by oxygen and produce a large amount of heat, so that the vegetable seeds are burned or root rot is caused, which is not conducive to the germination and growth of vegetable seeds.
(Cao Dihuan, Rural Office of Qijiang City, Hunan Province)
Farmers Daily
Pests and insecticides do not distinguish between the pests and diseases that occur on vegetables. They do not find out which type they are. They use some pesticides to spray them. Even some technicians do not investigate, they are considered to be diseases or insects at random, and the results are of course invalid.
Random compounding can be compounded with a variety of pesticides. The instructions for the contraindication table for the compounding of the drug are not consulted. The acidic or alkaline drug, the copper preparation or the sulfur preparation or other medicine can be mixed at will.
Dilution unevenness Although according to the instructions, but not fully dissolved or mixed well, it is busy with the operation, can not achieve prevention and control, such as trichlorfon crystals, copper sulfate, dikesone cream, etc., if you do not pay attention will appear the above phenomenon.
Fertilization or shallow application of fertilizer is volatile, loss or difficult to reach the root of the crop, which is not conducive to crop absorption, resulting in low fertilizer utilization. Fertilizer should be applied to the seed or plant 16~28 cm below the side.
The compound fertilizer produced by using double-chlorine fertilizer with ammonium chloride and potassium chloride is called double-chlorine fertilizer, containing about 30% chlorine, easy to burn seedlings, and timely watering. Chlorine-containing fertilizers cannot be applied to saline-alkali and chlorine-sensitive vegetable crops. Excessive application of potassium chloride to leaves (stem) vegetables not only causes the vegetables to be less tender and more fibrous, but also makes the vegetables taste bitter, with poor mouthfeel and low benefits. The urea-based compound fertilizer has high nitrogen content, and the biuret contains slightly higher nitrogen, which is easy to burn, and attention should be paid to watering and fertilization depth. Improper application of chemical fertilizers in vegetables may cause fat damage, burning seedlings, and plant wilting. For example, excessive application of chemical fertilizers or insufficient soil moisture after fertilization may cause the soil solution concentration to be too high, and the roots of the crops may be difficult to absorb water, causing the plants to wilting or even die. Excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer, a large amount of ammonia or ammonium ions in the soil, on the one hand ammonia volatilization, the formation of alkaline small water droplets in the air droplets, burning crops, causing burnt spots on the leaves. On the other hand, ammonium ions are easily nitrated on dry soil and converted to ammonium nitrite under the action of nitrosating bacteria. Gasification of nitrogen dioxide gas will poison vegetables, and irregular water-like plaques appear on vegetable leaves. Gradually whiten.
Excessive use of certain nutrients to use certain nutrients not only poisons vegetables, but also hinders the absorption of other nutrients by vegetables and causes deficiency. For example, excessive nitrogen application can cause calcium deficiency; excessive nitrate nitrogen can cause chlorosis in the absence of molybdenum; excessive potassium can reduce the effectiveness of calcium, magnesium, and boron; excessive phosphorus can reduce the effectiveness of calcium, zinc, and boron.
Fresh human excrement is directly applied to vegetables because fresh human excrement contains a large number of germs, toxins and parasite eggs. If it is not directly decomposed, it will contaminate vegetables, easily spread diseases, and require high temperature stacking fermentation or harmless. Can be applied after treatment. The unfertilized livestock manure will produce a large amount of harmful gases such as hydrogen sulfide in the process of decomposing, so that the vegetable seeds are suffocated by oxygen and produce a large amount of heat, so that the vegetable seeds are burned or root rot is caused, which is not conducive to the germination and growth of vegetable seeds.
(Cao Dihuan, Rural Office of Qijiang City, Hunan Province)
Farmers Daily
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