US invented new carbon fiber lithium air battery energy density improvement

According to the American Physicist Organization Network, American scientists have developed a new type of carbon fiber lithium air battery, whose energy density is now four times that of rechargeable lithium-ion batteries in mobile phones and automobiles. The research was published in the first issue. In the Journal of Energy and Environmental Sciences.

Last year, a research team led by Yang Shaohong, a professor of mechanical engineering and materials science and engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), improved the energy density of lithium-air batteries by using rare metal crystals. In theory, a lithium-air battery has a higher energy density than a lithium-ion battery because it replaces a bulky solid-state electrode with a porous carbon electrode that stores energy by trapping oxygen from the air that floats above it. Oxygen combines with lithium ions to form lithium oxide.

** Research has taken a step forward, producing carbon fiber electrodes with more porosity than other carbon electrodes, so when the battery is discharged, there are more pores to store solid lithium oxide.

Robert Mitchell, a collaborator of the paper and a graduate student in the Department of Materials Science and Engineering at MIT, said: "We used a chemical vapor deposition process to grow vertically aligned carbon nanofiber arrays. These blanket-like arrays are highly conductive and low-density. Energy storage 'bracket'."

Another researcher, MBA mechanical engineering graduate student Beta Garant, explained that during the discharge process, lithium peroxide particles will appear on the carbon fiber, which will increase the weight of the battery, thus minimizing the amount of carbon. It is important to leave enough space for lithium peroxide, which is an active chemical formed during the discharge of a lithium-air battery. Yang Shaohong said: "Our newly created blanket-like material has more than 90% of the pore space, and its energy density is four times that of the same weight lithium-ion battery. Last year we have proved that carbon particles can be used for lithium. Air batteries make effective electrodes, but at that time the carbon structure was only 70% void space."

The scientists pointed out that because the carbon fiber electrode carbon particles are arranged very well, and the carbon particles in other electrodes are very chaotic, it is easier to use a scanning electron microscope to observe the behavior of the electrode in the middle state of charging. Helping them improve battery performance also helps explain why existing systems experience reduced performance after multiple charge and discharge cycles. However, the commercialization of this carbon fiber lithium air battery requires further study.

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